Sri Lanka, an island nation full of history and charm, offers travelers a perfect mix of ancient ruins, golden beaches, and vibrant culture. Among its many treasures, Polonnaruwa stands out as a UNESCO World Heritage Site that once served as the royal capital of the country. Walking through its stone-carved monuments and temples feels like stepping back into a time when kings ruled and Buddhism flourished.
Exploring this magnificent city gives travelers a deeper connection to the island’s soul. From royal palaces to iconic Buddha statues, there are endless Things to do in Polonnaruwa that will leave you amazed. And for those planning their next trip to Sri Lanka, this guide ensures you experience both its rich history and vibrant present.
Why Visit Polonnaruwa?
- UNESCO Heritage: A city that preserves the grandeur of medieval Sri Lanka.
- Buddhist Legacy: Temples, stupas, and statues showcasing religious devotion.
- Architectural Marvels: Stunning stone carvings and ancient irrigation systems.
- Cultural Insights: Learn about kings like Parakramabahu I who shaped the nation’s history.
Top Things to Do in Polonnaruwa
1. Royal Palace of King Parakramabahu I
This grand palace once had seven stories and 1,000 rooms. Even in ruins, its scale is awe-inspiring.
2. Gal Vihara
Famous for its four giant Buddha statues carved into a single granite rock. A true masterpiece of Buddhist art.
3. Sacred Quadrangle (Dalada Maluwa)
A compact complex with iconic shrines like the Vatadage, built to protect the relic of the Tooth of Buddha.
4. Rankoth Vehera
A massive stupa that rises above the city, symbolizing devotion and faith.
5. Lankatilaka Temple
An impressive structure with towering brick walls and a colossal standing Buddha image.
6. Pabalu Vehera
A quiet stupa surrounded by serenity, perfect for peaceful moments.
7. Parakrama Samudra
An ancient reservoir built to sustain agriculture, showing the brilliance of hydraulic engineering.
8. Archaeological Museum of Polonnaruwa
Learn about the city’s history through artifacts and well-curated exhibits.
9. Cycling Around the Ruins
Rent a bike and explore the city at your own pace. Cycling through the ruins adds adventure to the history lesson.
10. Sunset by the Ruins
The golden hour in Polonnaruwa is magical – ancient temples bathed in soft light create unforgettable views.
Polonnaruwa vs. Anuradhapura
Both cities are ancient capitals, but Polonnaruwa is more compact and easier to explore in a day. It offers a mix of spirituality, history, and nature, while Anuradhapura spreads over a larger area with equally rich history. If time permits, visiting both makes your trip to Sri Lanka even more rewarding.
Practical Tips for Visiting Polonnaruwa
- Best Time: November to March offers cooler weather.
- Tickets: Entry tickets are required for foreigners (valid for most sites in the ancient city).
- Dress Code: Wear modest clothing when entering temples.
- Transport: Cycling is the most popular way, but tuk-tuks and guides are also available.
- Guides: Hiring a local guide enriches the experience with stories and cultural insights.
Shopping in Sri Lanka – Beyond the Ruins
While Polonnaruwa connects you to the island’s glorious past, another dimension of travel is exploring its colorful markets and shops. Shopping in Sri Lanka is an experience in itself – from bustling city malls to handicraft villages, the island offers something unique to carry home.
Best Shopping Experiences in Sri Lanka:
- Colombo Pettah Market – Lively streets filled with textiles, spices, and jewelry.
- Odel Mall, Colombo – Modern shopping with branded clothing and local souvenirs.
- Kandy Cultural Shops – Famous for gems, batiks, and local crafts.
- Galle Fort Boutiques – Trendy stores with handmade jewelry, art, and clothing.
- Handicraft Villages (Ambalangoda) – Known for traditional masks and wooden carvings.
- Tea Shops in Nuwara Eliya – Take home world-class Ceylon tea.
- Spice Gardens, Matale – Authentic cinnamon, cardamom, and pepper.
- Local Craft Bazaars – From coconut-shell souvenirs to handwoven baskets.
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