The most common methods of delivery involve viral vectors or plasmid DNA. Rigorous testing is required to ensure the safety and efficacy of these gene therapy components.

Viral vectors are modified viruses that can safely deliver therapeutic genes but cannot replicate or cause disease. Common types include adenoviruses, lentiviruses, and adeno-associated viruses (AAVs). Plasmid DNA consists of small, circular pieces of DNA that can be directly introduced into cells to produce therapeutic proteins. Proper characterization is essential to understand the quality of these gene delivery systems before use in humans.

Identity and Purity Testing

Verification of the genetic identity and purity is a fundamental requirement for gene therapy components. Next-generation sequencing can provide a full profile of the genetic sequence in viral vectors and plasmids to confirm they contain only the intended transgene. Sophisticated analytical techniques like restriction fragment analysis, PCR, and southern blotting also allow detailed examination of vector structure.

Potency assays directly measure the ability of Viral Vector And Plasmid DNA Testing Services to effectively transduce or transfect cells. Reporter gene assays incorporate genes like luciferase that can quantify transduction levels. Particle titers are determined using quantitative PCR or flow cytometry to count transducing units. Additional tests analyze vector aggregation, fragmentation, degradation and empty capsids that reduce potency.