fully automated cnc machines Mechanical parts installation and debugging must pay attention to some problems, This paper describes the precautions for installation and debugging of fully automated cnc machines, mechanical parts, hydraulic system, pneumatic system and cnc system, as well as the precautions for electromechanical coordination and installation environment of fully automated cnc machines. It can be used as a reference for the technicians who are engaged in the installation, debugging and maintenance of fully automated cnc machines.

1, fully automated cnc machines spindle bearing installation and debugging precautions

(1) Installation and debugging of a single bearing: when assembling, the eccentricity of the spindle positioning hole and the spindle diameter and the eccentricity of the bearing inner ring and the raceway are close to each other as much as possible, and the direction is opposite, so that the eccentricity after assembly can be reduced.

(2) Installation and debugging of two bearings: When the main shaft bearing of two supports is installed, the eccentricity of the front and back two support bearings should be the same direction, and the size of eccentricity should be appropriately selected. The accuracy of the front bearing should be one grade higher than that of the rear bearing, so as to minimize the eccentricity of the front positioning surface of the spindle component after assembly. When the main shaft bearing is disassembled by the maintenance machine, because the original manufacturer has adjusted the eccentric position of the bearing, it is necessary to make a mark on the circular direction position before disassembly to ensure that the original relative position of the bearing and the main shaft remains unchanged after reassembly and reduce the impact on the main shaft components.

The bearing assembly of interference fit should be installed by hot loading or cold loading process method, and do not knock with brute force, so as to avoid damaging the bearing during installation and affecting the performance of the machine tool.

2, fully automated cnc machines ball screw nut pair installation and debugging precautions

Ball screw nut pairs are only used to withstand axial loads. The radial force and bending moment will cause the ball screw pair to produce additional surface contact stress and other undesirable loads, which may cause permanent damage to the lead screw. Therefore, when the ball screw nut pair is installed to the machine tool, attention should be paid to:

(1) The ball nut should move within the effective stroke, and the limit must be configured at both ends of the stroke to avoid the nut from the lead screw shaft and the ball falling off.

(2) Due to the high transmission efficiency of the ball screw nut pair, it can not be self-locked, when used for vertical transmission, such as the weight of the component is not balanced, it must be prevented from stopping the transmission or the reverse transmission caused by the weight of the component after the loss of power, to prevent the reverse transmission method available: worm gear and worm transmission, electric brake, etc.

(3) The axis of the lead screw must be parallel to the axis of the matching guide rail, and the center of the bearing seat at both ends of the machine tool must be in line with the center of the nut seat.

(4) When the ball screw nut pair is installed to the machine tool, do not remove the nut from the screw shaft. If it must be removed, use the auxiliary sleeve, otherwise the ball may fall off during loading and unloading.

(5) When the nut is loaded into the mounting hole of the nut seat, it is necessary to avoid impact and eccentricity.

(6) In order to prevent chips from entering and wearing the ball screw nut pair, protective devices such as crease protective cover and spiral steel belt protective cover can be added to completely protect the screw shaft. In addition, dust rings can be added to both ends of the screw nut when the floating dust is too much.

3, fully automated cnc machines linear rolling guide installation and debugging precautions

(1) Handle gently during installation to avoid bumping affecting the linear accuracy of the guide rail.

(2) It is not allowed to remove the slider from the guide rail or push it back beyond the stroke. If the sliding block needs to be removed due to installation difficulties, use a guide rail.

(3) When the linear rolling guide rail is used in pairs, the main guide rail and the auxiliary guide rail are divided. The main rail pair is installed first, the reference side of the guide rail is set to be closely attached to the reference side of the installation step, and the installation bolts are tightened. Then the main rail pair is used as the reference and the auxiliary guide rail pair is installed.

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